Does microsomia make Hemifacial worse?

Does microsomia make Hemifacial worse?

Does Hemifacial Microsomia Get Worse with Age? Research indicates that HFM is a progressive skeletal and soft-tissue deformity. If left untreated, facial asymmetry caused by HFM can get worse over time. HFM can lead to severe facial deformities.

Is hemifacial microsomia a syndrome?

Hemifacial microsomia (HFM), also called craniofacial microsomia or sometimes “Goldenhar syndrome,” is a condition in which half of one side of the face is underdeveloped and does not grow normally. “Hemifacial” means one side of the face.

What causes craniofacial microsomia?

Possible causes include changes in genes (mutations). Using certain medicines during pregnancy may also increase the risk of CFM. It may be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. For most children, craniofacial microsomia is not passed down from parents (inherited).

What is a microsomia mean?

Microsomia means abnormal smallness of body structures. Most people with craniofacial microsomia have differences in the size and shape of facial structures between the right and left sides of the face (facial asymmetry).

How do they diagnose hemifacial microsomia?

The geneticist will usually diagnose hemifacial microsomia with a physical examination of your child and by reviewing his or her medical history. There is no single test for hemifacial microsomia, but several tests may be used to confirm a diagnosis. Possible diagnostic test include: X-rays of the head.

How rare is hemifacial microsomia?

Hemifacial microsomia is the second most common facial birth defect behind cleft lip and palate, affecting one in every 3,500 to 4,000 births.

What is Goldenhar syndrome?

Goldenhar syndrome is a rare condition that you are born with. It affects one in every 3,000-5,000 births. It is usually identified by abnormal development of the eye, ear and spine. Goldenhar syndrome is also known as oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum or OAV.

When is Goldenhar syndrome diagnosed?

A diagnosis of Goldenhar disease is based on the presence of characteristic signs and symptoms. These clinical features may be observed on physical examination or may require specialized testing such as imaging studies (i.e. CT scan , X-ray , echocardiogram, ultrasound ).

How does craniofacial microsomia affect the face?

Other individuals with craniofacial microsomia are affected on only one side of the face. The facial characteristics in craniofacial microsomia typically include underdevelopment of one side of the upper or lower jaw (maxillary or mandibular hypoplasia), which can cause dental problems and difficulties with feeding and speech.

What does it mean to have hemifacial microsomia?

Hemifacial microsomia often refers to craniofacial microsomia with maxillary or mandibular hypoplasia. People with hemifacial microsomia and noncancerous (benign) growths in the eye called epibulbar dermoids may be said to have Goldenhar syndrome or oculoauricular dysplasia.

Which is the most common craniofacial genetic defect?

Hemifacial microsomia is the commonest craniofacial defect, which often occurs sporadically without genetic inheritance. There is a spectrum of phenotypic variability – as a result hemifacial microsomia has a broad clinical picture from minor skin tags to severe mandibular hypoplasia with facial nerve dysfunction.

When do children with Microsomia have their ears repaired?

Many children with craniofacial microsomia have ears that are small, unusually shaped or missing. This is called microtia (PDF). Deciding to repair the ears is a family choice. Some families decide to do nothing. Others choose surgery or a custom-made artificial ear (prosthetic). Most often, this treatment starts after age 6.